MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication)
A security mechanism that requires users to provide two or more verification factors to gain access to a system. MFA significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access and is recommended or required by DORA, ISO 27001, SOC 2, and GDPR security measures.
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is a security control that requires users to present multiple forms of identification before accessing systems or data. The factors fall into three categories: something you know (password, PIN), something you have (security token, smartphone), and something you are (biometric — fingerprint, facial recognition).
MFA is considered one of the most effective security controls available. According to industry research, MFA can prevent over 99% of automated account compromise attacks. Common MFA methods include time-based one-time passwords (TOTP), push notifications to mobile apps, hardware security keys (FIDO2/WebAuthn), SMS or email codes (considered less secure), and biometric verification.
For compliance purposes, MFA is increasingly expected as a baseline control. DORA's ICT risk management requirements implicitly require strong authentication for critical systems. ISO 27001 and SOC 2 both address authentication controls, with MFA being a key evidence point during audits. Organizations should implement MFA for all privileged access, remote access, cloud service access, and access to sensitive data.
Related Terms
Access Control
The selective restriction of access to resources, systems, and data based on user identity and authorization. Access control is a fundamental security control required by ISO 27001, SOC 2, DORA, and GDPR to ensure that only authorized personnel can access sensitive information.
ISO 27001
The international standard for information security management systems (ISMS). ISO 27001 provides a systematic approach to managing sensitive company information, ensuring it remains secure through a framework of policies, processes, and technical controls.
SOC 2 (System and Organization Controls)
A compliance framework developed by the AICPA that defines criteria for managing customer data based on five Trust Services Criteria: security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality, and privacy. SOC 2 reports are essential for SaaS companies and service providers.
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